Skip to content

Fibre optic cable

A fibre optic cable is a long stretch of thin glass.

It’s used to transmit information - e.g. in the internet.

  • The angle of incidence of each transmitted pulse of light must be greater than the critical angle.
  • When light hits the edge of the fibre, it reflects. That’s because the angle is more than the critical angle, and so total internal reflection occurs.
  • It’s not a ‘mirror’, but does still reflect (almost) all light.
  • The core (the middle bit) has the highest refractive index
  • The cladding (outside) has a slightly lower refractive index than the core (but still higher than air)
  • The air around the cable has the lowest refractive index, around .