Electromagnetic force

The EM force is the force which acts between particles with a charge.

It helps to keep the electrons in orbit around the nucleus.

Strength

• It’s the second strongest of the 4 particle forces.
• The strength is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the particles or matter.

Range

• The electromagnetic force has effectively an infinite range.
• It can act over very large distances, but it’s usually only significant at the atomic level (when the distance is really small)